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HIV-抗体检测(口腔液检测)          【字体:
HIV-抗体检测(口腔液检测)
作者:佚名    文章来源:不详    点击数:    更新时间:2005-6-13
    Is the OraQuick test a saliva test?

    No. The test uses oral fluid, which is slightly different from saliva. To perform the test, the person being tested for HIV gently swabs the device completely around the outer gums, both upper and lower, one time around and inserts it into a vial containing a developer solution. After 20 minutes, the test device will indicate if HIV antibodies are present in the solution by displaying two reddish-purple lines in a small window in the device.

    这种方法使用口腔里的液体,和唾液稍微不同。开始检测前,被检测者需要用棉签或其它的工具轻柔刮取牙龈外边,上、下都取,一次就好了,然后把棉签放到盛有样本保存液的小瓶里。20分钟后,如果有抗体,测试仪会通过仪器上的小窗里的2条红线显示出来。

    the OraQuick oral fluid test correctly identified 99.3% of people who were infected with HIV (sensitivity) and 99.8 % of people who were not infected with HIV (specificity)

    这种方法的灵敏度和特异度分别达到99.3%和99.8%。

    Are there disadvantages to testing oral fluid rather than blood?

    As when used on blood, the OraQuick test device can quickly and reliably detect antibodies to HIV in oral fluid. It can be stored at room temperature, requires no specialized equipment, and takes the same amount of time to process (20 to 40 minutes). However, it has slightly lower sensitivity and specificity than when used with blood. In particular, testing programs can expect more false positive results with oral fluid than with blood. As with the blood test, an additional specimen must be collected for confirmatory testing of persons who test preliminarily positive.

    与血检相比,这种方法有很多优点,比如安全、快捷,不需要特殊仪器,但是,它比我们通常使用的血检试剂的灵敏度和特异度都差,尤其是结果出现假阳性的可能性更大。如果出现这种情况,必须从新采集被检者的样本并从新检测。

    摘自美国CDC,重庆市疾病预防控制中心 韩梅译
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